Detecting stink bugs/damage in cotton utilizing a portable electronic nose
電子鼻用于棉花受臭蟲損害程度檢測分析
Will G. Hendersona, Ahmad Khaliliana,∗, Young J. Hana, Jeremy K. Greeneb, David C. Degenhardtb
a Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0312, United States
b Department of Entomology, Soils, & Plant Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0312, United States
Abstract
Current scouting techniques for stink bugs are variable, time-consuming, and costly. The overarching goal of this research was to develop effective and affordable tools for detecting stink bugs and damage induced by stink bugs in cotton. A commercially available electronic nose (Cyranose 320) comprising an array of 32 carbon-black composite sensors was used for this purpose and its performance was evaluated under laboratory and field conditions. Volatile compounds emitted by stink bugs were confirmed to be trans-2-decenal and trans-2-octenal. Four of 32 sensors responded to volatile chemicals produced by bugs and showed responses (smell-prints) to pure trans-2-decenal that were identical to those obtained from stink bugs. Under laboratory conditions, internal boll injury (interior walls of bolls and locks with raised callus growths or obvious damage to lint and seed) was predicted 95% of the time and the presence of stink bugs 100% of the time. There was a strong correlation (R2 = 0.95) between the number of stink bugs in a sample and the response of Cyranose sensors.
目前對臭蟲的偵察技術(shù)是可變的、耗時的和昂貴的。本研究的首要目標(biāo)是開發(fā)有效且經(jīng)濟(jì)的工具來檢測棉花中的臭蟲和由臭蟲引起的損害。為此，使用了一種商用電子鼻(Cyranose 320)，包括32個炭黑復(fù)合傳感器陣列，并在實(shí)驗(yàn)室和現(xiàn)場條件下對其性能進(jìn)行了評估。臭蟲釋放的揮發(fā)性化合物被證實(shí)是反-2-癸烯醛和反-2-辛烯醛。32個傳感器中有4個對臭蟲產(chǎn)生的揮發(fā)性化學(xué)物質(zhì)作出反應(yīng)，并對純反式-2-癸烯(與臭蟲獲得的反式-2-癸烯相同)作出反應(yīng)(氣味印記)。在實(shí)驗(yàn)室條件下，預(yù)計(jì)95%的時間內(nèi)棉鈴內(nèi)傷害(棉鈴和鎖的內(nèi)壁有愈傷組織生長或棉絨和種子明顯受損)，100%的時間內(nèi)有臭蟲存在。樣品中臭蟲的數(shù)量與cyranose傳感器的響應(yīng)有很強(qiáng)的相關(guān)性(r2=0.95)。
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