Effects of temperature on postharvest respiratory parameters and quality attributes of ackee (Blighia sapida Köenig) fruit arils during storage
溫度對(duì)采后呼吸的影響
Abstract
The effect of temperatures on the rate of O2 uptake (RRO2) and CO2 production (RRCO2), the Q10 and activation energy (Ea) of respiration, the respiratory quotient (RQ), the rate of ethylene production, the colour and visual quality attributes of ackee (Blighia sapida Köenig) fruit arils “cheese” variety were measured. RRO2 averaged 0.26, 0.63, and 0.96 mmol kg-1 h-1 and RRCO2 averaged 0.22, 0.55, 0.90 mmol kg-1 h-1 and ethylene production averaged, 47.5, 50.2 and 51.9 nmol kg-1 h-1 at 5, 15 and 25°C, respectively. Neither RRO2 nor RRCO2 correlated with ethylene production. The RQ of arils varied from 0.89 to 1.0 and the Q10 varied from 1.8 to 2.0, while the Ea ranged from 40.4 to 51.6 kJ mole-1. Decay and quality loss were rapid at temperatures above 15°C. When kept under chilling temperature (3°C for 20 days with or without subsequent removal to 25°C), ackee arils showed severe chilling injury symptoms. Decay was also accelerated by the removal to 25°C. Collectively, the data indicate that ackee fruit aril storage is limited to temperatures between 5°C and 15°C.
測(cè)定了不同溫度對(duì)酸棗果種皮“奶酪”品種的吸氧速率(RRo2)、產(chǎn)二氧化碳速率(RRRco2)、呼吸Q10和呼吸活化能(ea)、呼吸商(rq)、乙烯生成速率、顏色和視覺品質(zhì)的影響。在5、15和25℃下，rro2平均為0.26、0.63和0.96毫摩爾kg-1 h-1，rrco2平均為0.22、0.55、0.90毫摩爾kg-1 h-1，乙烯產(chǎn)量平均為47.5、50.2和51.9 nmol kg-1 h-1。rro2和rrco2均與乙烯生產(chǎn)無關(guān)。ARIL的RQ在0.89到1.0之間變化，Q10在1.8到2.0之間變化，而EA在40.4到51.6 kJ摩爾-1之間變化。在高于15°C的溫度下，腐爛和質(zhì)量損失迅速。當(dāng)在冷凍溫度下(3°C，持續(xù)20天，隨后移除或不移除25°C)，Ackee Arils出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重的冷凍損傷癥狀。通過去除25°C也加速了腐爛。總體而言，數(shù)據(jù)表明，Ackee水果假種皮的儲(chǔ)存溫度限制在5°C到15°C之間。
Respiration rates (RRO2 and RRCO2) assessment
The respiration rates (RRO2 and RRCO2) were determined using a static respirometer method as described by Benkeblia et al. (2000). Detached arils (200 ± 10 g) were placed in 1-L glass jars previously equilibrated at the required temperature and stored in temperature-controlled rooms (5 and 15°C) and controlled room temperature (25°C). For each temperature, jars were closed and the gas composition of each jar analysed at seven time points 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 h to be able to select only those data associated with aerobic respiration as of oxygen is depleted in the jar and CO2 increases. To also avoid changes in pressure in the jars that can occur following the removal of multiple gas samples, the air sample for composition analysis was circulated through the analyser (model ICA250/SCS250, International Controlled Atmosphere Ltd Instrument Division, Kent, UK) and back to the chamber. The sampling duration was 2 min. Respiration rates (RRO2 and RRCO2) were calculated by fitting O2 depletion and CO2 accumulation data for the seven time points with a linear regression and expressed as mmol kg-1 h-1 O2 and depletion did not exceed 4% during the holding period. For each respiration measurement, three jars were used and measurements were duplicated.
如Benkeblia等人所述，采用靜態(tài)呼吸計(jì)法測(cè)定呼吸速率(RRO2和RRCO2)。(2000年)。將分離的假種皮(200±10 g)放在1-L的玻璃罐中，之前在所需溫度下平衡，并儲(chǔ)存在溫度控制室(5和15°C)和控制室溫度(25°C)中。對(duì)于每個(gè)溫度，關(guān)閉罐，并在7個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)0、1、2、3、4、5和6 h分析每個(gè)罐的氣體成分，以便能夠僅選擇與有氧呼吸相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)，因?yàn)楣拗械难鯕夂谋M，二氧化碳增加。為了避免移除多個(gè)氣體樣品后罐內(nèi)壓力發(fā)生變化，成分分析用空氣樣品通過分析儀(英國ICA公司 ICA250/SCS250)循環(huán)，并返回試驗(yàn)室。采樣時(shí)間為2分鐘。呼吸速率(rro2和rrrco2)通過擬合7個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)的氧氣消耗和二氧化碳積累數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行線性回歸計(jì)算，并以毫摩爾kg-1h-1o2表示，保持期間的氧氣消耗不超過4%。每次呼吸測(cè)量使用三個(gè)罐子，并重復(fù)測(cè)量。
Ethylene production assessment
Ethylene production was determined by the same method described for the respiration rate but using a different gas analyser (model ICA56/SCS56, International Controlled Atmosphere Ltd Instrument Division, Kent, UK). Ethylene production was calculated by fitting ethylene accumulation data for the seven time points with a linear regression and expressed as nmol kg-1 h-1. For each ethylene measurement, three jar also were used and measurements were duplicated.
乙烯的生產(chǎn)采用與呼吸速率相同的方法，但使用不同的氣體分析儀(英國ICA公司，型號(hào)ICA56/SCS56)測(cè)定。采用線性回歸擬合7個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)的乙烯積累數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)算乙烯產(chǎn)量，并用nmol kg-1h-1表示。對(duì)于每個(gè)乙烯測(cè)量，也使用三個(gè)罐，并重復(fù)測(cè)量。
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