Fecal volatile organic compounds for early detection of colorectal cancer: where are we now?
糞便中的揮發性有機化合物可用于大腸癌的早期檢測：我們現在在哪里？
Bosch S1, Berkhout DJ2,3, Ben Larbi I4, de Meij TG2, de Boer NK4.
1Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, AG&M Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. S.Bosch1@vumc.nl.
2Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
3Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
4Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, AG&M Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Abstract INTRODUCTION:
The fecal volatolome, which is composed of fecal volatile organic compounds (VOCs), seems to hold potential as non-invasive biomarker for the detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) and its precursor lesions advanced adenomas (AA). The potential of the fecal volatolome has been subject of various studies using either chemical analytical or pattern-recognition techniques. The available literature on the potential of the fecal volatolome as CRC and AA biomarker was reviewed.
由糞便揮發性有機化合物(VOC)組成的糞便揮發物似乎具有作為檢測結腸直腸癌(CRC)及其前體病變晚期腺瘤(AA)的非侵入性生物標記物的潛力。糞便揮發物的潛力已通過化學分析或模式識別技術進行了各種研究。綜述了有關糞便揮發物作為CRC和AA生物標志物的潛力的文獻。
METHODS:
A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Google Scholar and ResearchGate using the following keywords: Colorectal Cancer, Advanced Adenoma, Volatile Organic Compound, Metabolome, Gas Chromatrography-Mass Spectrometry, Selected-Ion Flow-Tube Mass Spectrometry, eNose, and Fecal Biomarkers.
在PubMed，Embase，Cochrane圖書館，Google Scholar和ResearchGate中使用以下關鍵字進行了系統的文獻檢索：結腸直腸癌，晚期腺瘤，揮發性有機化合物，代謝物組，氣相色譜-質譜法，選擇離子流管質譜法，eNose和糞便生物標志物。
RESULTS:
Eighty-eight titles or abstracts were identified from the search, of which 11 papers describing the potential of the fecal volatolome for CRC detection were selected. In these studies, different techniques were used for the headspace analyses of fecal VOCs, limiting the possibility to compare outcomes. Increased levels of amino acids and short chain fatty acids, and decreased levels of bile acids and polyol alcohols in the gas phase of feces were observed repeatedly. All selected papers reported high diagnostic value for the detection of both CRC and AA based on fecal VOCs.
通過搜索確定了88個標題或摘要，其中選擇了11篇描述糞便揮發物檢測CRC潛力的論文。在這些研究中，糞便VOC的頂空分析使用了不同的技術，從而限制了比較結果的可能性。反復觀察到糞便氣相中氨基酸和短鏈脂肪酸的含量增加，膽汁酸和多元醇的含量下降。所有入選的論文均對基于糞便VOCs的CRC和AA檢測具有較高的診斷價值。
CONCLUSION:
Based on the included studies, fecal VOC analyses seem promising for future screening of CRC and AA, with potentially improved test performances allowing for earlier detection of AA and CRC and consequently earlier initiation of treatment, possibly reducing morbidity and mortality rates next to lower rates of (unnecessary) colonoscopies.
根據納入的研究，糞便VOC分析似乎有望用于未來的CRC和AA篩查，其測試性能可能得到改善，從而可以更早地檢測AA和CRC，從而更早地開始治療，從而可能降低發病率和死亡率，同時降低其發病率。 (不必要的)*檢查。
KEYWORDS:Advanced adenoma; Biomarker; Colorectal carcinoma; Screening; Volatile organic compounds
關鍵詞：晚期腺瘤; 生物標志物 大腸癌；篩選；揮發性有機化合物
